The construction sector is a major global energy consumer and a major greenhouse gas generator. In the EU, around 40 % of energy is consumed in this sector. For this reason, improving the energy efficiency of buildings is an important objective at the level of EU policies. A significant proportion of energy consumed in residential buildings is for heating. This is particularly observed in many EU-12 countries, including Romania, due to a stock of houses built without thermal protection during the communist period, especially in the form of housing blocks. Residential buildings dominate total buildings in Romania, accounting for around 95.4 % of all buildings. Existing residential buildings are generally old (over half of the residential buildings were built before 1970). These buildings have low thermal properties – with average annual heating requirements between 137-220 kWh/m². Heating and domestic hot water consumption in households accounts for around 80 % of energy consumption in buildings. On average, the energy saving potential in residential buildings is estimated at around 38 %, which could be translated into significant conventional fuel savings. The overall objective of the major area of intervention that this investment is intended to finance is to create/maintain employment and promote social cohesion by supporting the improvement of the energy efficiency of housing blocks in the city of Borșa, in line with the objectives of the Europe 2020 strategy, which will lead to an increase/maintenance of employment, reduced energy consumption and limiting greenhouse gas emissions. Improving energy efficiency in residential buildings contributes to the creation and maintenance of jobs, with an effect on countering the economic downturn, by boosting the construction industry as well as the related industries severely affected by the economic crisis. Investing in the energy efficiency of housing blocks will help reduce energy poverty by reducing the costs of heating people, especially low-income ones, which will help to improve the purchasing power of disadvantaged social groups. This major area of intervention will contribute to social cohesion, paying particular attention to vulnerable groups of the low-income population. In this respect, a mechanism has been established for the selection of buildings that will be thermally rehabilitated in order for this population to benefit in particular from the implementation of investments. In addition, co-financing rates are set in accordance with the capacity and availability of the population to co-finance such investments.