In 2015, President Obama launched and funded the Precision Medicine Initiative (PMI). Respiratory diseases, severe infections, non-solid hematologic tumors, and vascular diseases, are heterogeneous entities affecting half of the adult population, and conditions in which precision medicine techniques may be applied with great benefit for patients and health care systems. These diseases and conditions are interconnected, but their current therapies target downstream effects of organ dysfunction rather than the underlying cause. As such, they are often ineffective in certain groups of patients with those diseases for the difficulty of identifying the right patients for the right treatment at the right time. Therefore, it is urgent to develop diagnostic approaches and therapies that can target the causes and pathophysiologic, genetic and molecular mechanisms with greater specificity and precision, thereby decreasing morbidity, mortality and burden of illness on both patients and their families. The benefits of coordinated research in clinical phenotypes, genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and transcriptomics have led to novel therapeutic and prognostic applications in other fields such as oncology. Applying such coordinated research efforts to respiratory, infectious, hematologic, and vascular diseases, constitutes an important step in advancing care and improving the lives of those affected. That is our goal and the basis for this application.