IN NATURE, PLANTS ARE UNDER CONTINUOUS THREATS AND SITUATIONS OF BIOTIC/ABIOTICO STRESS THAT COMPROMISE THEIR SURVIVAL AND OFFSPRING. THE CONSTITUTIVE EXPRESSION OF DEFENCE MECHANISMS IS NOT ALWAYS THE BEST STRATEGY TO DEFEND AGAINST THESE THREATS DUE TO THE DISADVANTAGES (TRADE-OFF) ASSOCIATED WITH THIS TYPE OF RESPONSE. THEREFORE, THE PLANTS HAVE DEVELOPED A REPERTOIRE OF SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS TO DETECT AND COPE WITH CHANGES IN PLANT MORPHOGENESIS AND THE ENVIRONMENT, INITIATING SPECIFIC COMPENSATORY RESPONSES. THIS AUTONOME CELLULAR DETECTION SYSTEM COMPRISES A COLLECTION OF PATTERN RECOGNITION RECEPTORS (PRRS), SUCH AS RLKS AND RLPS RECEPTORS, WHICH RECOGNISE BOTH PLANT-SPECIFIC ENDOGENOUS SIGNALS (MOLECULAR PATTERNS ASSOCIATED WITH THE HOST, HAMPS) AND MOLECULAR PATTERNS ASSOCIATED WITH MICROBES (MAMPS), ACTIVATING PROTEIN KINASE CASCADES (PQ), WHICH IN TURN REGULATE THE IMMUNE RESPONSE OR RESPONSES ASSOCIATED WITH PLANT GROWTH. THE CELL WALL, A DYNAMIC AND COMPLEX STRUCTURE THAT SURROUNDS EACH CELL OF THE PLANT, IS ONE OF THE PLANTs’ PERCEPTION SYSTEMS. THE WALL IS CONSTANTLY BEING REMODELED IN RESPONSE TO INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CHANGES. THUS, PLANTS HAVE EVOLVED A MECHANISM OF MAINTENANCE OF CELL WALL INTEGRITY (CWI), SIMILAR TO THAT OF FUNGI, WHICH INTEGRATES SIGNALS OF DIFFERENT ORIGIN IN COMPLEX SIGNALING CASCADES. ALTERATIONS IN CWI INDUCE A WIDE VARIETY OF INNATE AND GROWTH IMMUNITY RESPONSES, CONTROLLING THE REALLOCATION OF RESOURCES BETWEEN IMMUNITY/GROWTH. _x000D_ our current COMPRENSION OF THE CWI’S MAINTENANCE MECHANISM IS LIMITED, knowing only one COMPONENT POWER. IT IS NECESSARY TO DISSECT THE SIGNALING NETWORK THAT REGULATES THE CWI, IDENTIFYING THE SENSORS AND RECEIVERS (PRRS) AS WELL AS THE CORRESPONDING LIGANDS DERIVED FROM THE WALL (HAMPS). THIS PROPOSAL BRINGS TOGETHER AN IMPORTANT COLLECTION OF CELL WALL MUTANTS (CWM) FROM ARABIDOPSIS, WHICH ARE DEFECTIVE ON POTENTIAL CWI SENSORS (E.G. ERECT AND CRRLKS) AND SIGNALING CASCADE REGULATORS (E.G. YODA PQ, ARR6 AND AT1G77070), AS WELL AS A COLLECTION OF PARTIALLY PURIFIED HAMPS FROM CWM WALL FRACTIONS CHARACTERISED UNDER THE BIO2012-32910 PROJECT. THE DEVELOPMENT AND RESISTANCE PHENOTYPES OF THE CWM COLLECTION AND ITS BIOCHEMICAL WALL COMPOSITION HAVE BEEN MATHEMATICALLY INTEGRATED TO BUILD A PREDICTIVE MODEL THAT CORRELATES SPECIFIC CHANGES IN WALL EPITOPES WITH RESISTANCE/GROWTH PHENOTYPES. This model suggests that the re-engagement of the CWI may be an effective strategy to improve the resistence of environmental and biotic resources and services._x000D_ THIS PROPOSES ABORDA CAPITAL QUESTIONS ON FUNCTIONS FUNDAMENTAL OF THE VEGETAL CELULAR PARED AND CWI IN THE REGULATION OF THE RESPONSE TO ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES, TO PARTICULAR IN THE MODULATION OF THE INNATA IMMUNITY, AND MUST CONTRIBUTE TO IMPROVE OUR PRICE MODEL WITH phenotypic DATA OF ADDITIONAL RESISTANCE/CRECEMENTATION OF NEW MUTANT CWM. THE PROPOSAL WILL OPEN NEW STRATEGIES FOR GENETIC REMODELING OF THE CELL WALL TO DECOUPLE RESISTANCE AND TRADE-OFFS, AND THEREBY IMPROVE THE GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS.