In Lithuania, oncological diseases rank second in the overall mortality structure, with the highest mortality rate among people of working age (45-64). Over the last 20 years, the incidence has almost doubled in absolute terms (from 12 849 inhabitants in 1997 to 24 265 in 2016), while the standardised rate of malignancies has increased by more than 2.3 times (from 359 per 100 000 inhabitants in 1997 to 846 per 100 000 inhabitants in 2016). The solution chosen to solve this problem is to set up a nuclear medicine research centre in the country, i.e. to purchase cyclotron and to build and adapt the premises necessary for the production of radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals in Lithuania. Given that the hospital of the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinic is a medical institution providing the most services to patients with oncological diseases, with extensive experience and a team of appropriately qualified specialists (doctors specialists, medical physicists, radiation protection specialists, etc.), it is appropriate to set up a centre of this kind in Kaunas clinics. The lack of necessary equipment is a fundamental problem limiting the diagnostic capabilities of diseases, the use of new and innovative diagnostics and treatments and the introduction of technologies. It is planned that the project will provide at least 5 000 PET services per year and access the service to at least 5 000 unique patients. Other Lithuanian PET centres will also be supplied with radiopharmaceuticals. The local infrastructure created will also be used for science, so the purchase of equipment is also co-financed by project No 01.1.1-CPVA-V-701-19-0001 (project promoter of the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences).