A. We are setting up a new strategic R & D & I workshop with critical mass from international research centres (ELTE TTK and MTA ATK). We implement the transdisciplinary, coordinated cooperation of internationally recognised researchers in several disciplines. At the Centre of Excellence, ELTE and ATK’s 2-2 Institutes participate with >20 researchers. The “core-team” is the ELTE Biological Institute and the ATK Soil Microbial Ecology Group. Such a soil bio-resource research workshop does not exist in Hungary and in Central and Eastern Europe, and it is only a fraction of the world. With the implementation of the project, we will catch up with the world’s leading position by creating a new level of soil quality assurance. System-based research focuses on the strategy to develop environmentally sound, more efficient, sustainable crop production methods with the help of soil metagenics. We focus on the national economic problem of soil quality. Soil degradation and soil degradation are inherent in agricultural production. Soil is the most important natural resource of our country, which is conditionally renewable. Its protection must also be achieved in the interests of future generations. The best soil quality is the maximum performance of soil functions. Soil functions are reduced as soil quality deteriorates, which can lead to irreversible changes. Most of the soil functions are material transformation processes, most of which are responsible for soil biota. Today’s largely unexplored soil(micro)biodiversity ensures sustainable soil functions! The importance of research: On the basis of the gaps in basic research on soil biome and our results, it is also connected to the EMBL network in this area. Worldwide unique studies in several decades of controlled agricultural long-term experiments. Exploring the relationship between soil biodiversity and soil functions in crop production systems. Niche studies to identify links between the diversity of micro- and mesobiotic (bacteria, fungi, micro- and mesofauna) which play a key role in maintaining soil functions and ecosystem services that are essential for agricultural purposes. Understanding the role of antibiotic production and antibiotic resistance (‘resistoma’) in soil. A deeper understanding of the environmental context of the soil nitrogen cycle in the light of the abiotic factors affecting the soil. Develop sustainable and high-efficiency crop technology strategies. By analysing the impact of fertilisation and crop rotation variants on soil biota diversity, the development of microbial community-conserving treatment combinations ideal for crop production. Recommendations on the composition and optimisation of application of microbial replacement/supplementary soil inoculation preparations. Existing foreigner (CAS Institute of Soil Biology, České Budějovice; Boku, Vienna; Sapientia EMTE, Miercurea Ciuc) to develop a Knowledge Centre for Eastern-Central Europe. B. Soil is a major component of life on earth: with its diverse biological activity, it provides the sustainable functioning of the natural or artificial ecosystem system as an ecosystem service. These are the key roles in the transformation of elements, nutrients, the decomposition of dead organic matter, the regulation of water balances and their combination in soil fertility. They give the “multifunctionality” of the soil. There is little data available on the relationship between soil functions and microbial diversity, although there is generally a positive correlation between microbial diversity and soil multifunctionality, and based on the results of some studies, the structure of bacterial communities varies significantly along the nitrogen gradient. Micro- and mesofauna play an important functional role in soil communities. Their composition and biological activity vary greatly in space and time and are sensitive indicators of soil degradation. Although the measurement of soil biological activity is the basis for resource-efficient land use, we do not have a reliable, easy-to-use method for soil quality determination (ISO 2006). Both the results of soil metagenics and the real-time in-situ field monitoring of the soil mesofauna (the cost-effective EDAPHOLOG system developed in MTA ATK) and the evaluation of long-term experiments, or their appropriate combination, can be excellent for solving the problem. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes in soil has long been known (“resistoma”). Over the last decade, it has become clear that the number and diversity of these genes is much higher than those described for pathogens and were already present in the soil well before the use of antibiotics in humans. Their real role is still little known despite many of the theories explaining this. Agriculture is the world’s largest antibiotic emitter (antibiotic use in livestock and crop production). Soil metagenomics of resistance