Tasks to be implemented in the course of the project: Small-scale specialised cells play a critical role in many diseases, such as cancer stem cells or stem cells in the progression of cancer processes. Cytostatic therapy in surviving cancer cells is known to increase the expression of cancer stem cell transcription factors, which play a decisive role in the development of cytostatic resistance, metastases and reduced treatment effectiveness. Therefore, the development of cancer stem cells or cells similar to stem cells has a major impact on patients’ chances of survival. However, there are technical barriers to the study of these small numbers of special cells if the detection of small quantities requires a special set of devices. On the other hand, the relevant studies also require the availability of a dedicated system of equipment, the quality control of sterile conditions and transport routes. This justifies the need to set up a specialised research centre at the PTE to separate these small numbers of special cells and subsequently learn about their properties. The effect of mitochondrim on the expression of stem cell markers. The high purity separation of cancer stem cells or stem cell-like cells is performed by the Flow-citometer, cell sorter system, the metabolic studies are performed with Seahorse and the analysis of isolated small amounts of existing cells is performed under sterile conditions (e.g. examination of changes in long-term mitochondrial function) using the fluorescent microscope (ImageXpress Micro XLS High Content Screening system) connected to the CO2 thermostat. Microparticles and plasma membrane fragments released from cancer cells as a result of cytostatic therapy are associated with cell death and cell transformations, which provide new information on the cell death effects of cytostatics. These studies reveal the role of mitochondium in reprogramming cytostatic-induced cancer stem cells or stem cell-like cells and contribute to understanding mitochondrial regulation possibilities. The effect of changes in mitochondrium function on changes in the expression profile of cancer stem cells or stem cells. Reproducible RNA and DNA isolation from modest cells are performed by the AS4500 Maxwell RSC System DNA RNA isolation automatic system and the quality analysis of RNA is performed using the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyser special equipment for the mRNA profile. The mRNA profile is measured either by the Illumina MiniSeq system or by the Affimetrix array system, the validation of results is the effect of the reprogramming of cancer cells into stem cells. In addition, these improvements make it possible to analyse changes in expression profiles, which can provide information on how to remove the expression profile typical of cancer stem cells. In addition, we will investigate the development of mutations induced by cytostatic therapy, a process that is of paramount importance in tumor and transmission formation, which is tested with the 384 hole qPCR system. Based on these data, we can determine mitochondrial transmission paths that lead to mitochondial regulation of gene expressions. The possibility of controlling mitochondrial states and membrane potential with synthetic small molecules. Several publications have shown that mitochondria also play an important role in maintaining the stem cell character of cancer cells, thus raising the possibility that changing the mitochondrial membrane potential through molecules directed into mitochondrium could change the stem cell character of cancer cells. In our previous studies, it has already been indicated that molecules directed into mitochondrium have a positive effect on cancer cells, namely shifting signalling processes towards cell death. These data indicate the potential role of mitochondrium-directed molecules in the elimination of cytostatic resistance, such as phosphonium salts associated with N-oxylpyrrolidine. In this area, we have research experience that will enable us to successfully attempt the synthesis of new types of conjugates containing both structural elements. These studies may show the chemical potential through which cancer cells can be destroyed before the cancer develops into stem cells. Further development of synthetic chemical potential, synthesis of molecules directed into mitochondrium. The target compounds that cause the destabilisation of mitochondrium include several functionalised carboxylic acidamides, lactams, aldehyde, small molar mass kiral compounds, chiral building blocks, the synthesis of which can be achieved in advance. Tapa acquired in the field of the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds for decades