The Action plan of the EUSDR has identified the “differences in the national legislative frameworks can make cross-border law enforcement lengthy and cumbersome and facilitate organised and serious crime”. The recommendation for improvement of Priority Area Security (PA11) is that “frameworks of international cooperation and existing initiatives should be reinforced”. The EU has recognized that wildlife trafficking is one of the most profitable types of organized crime in the world nowadays. Revenue from it is a powerful incentive for people to contribute to nature degradation and the near extinction of valuable key species, such as sturgeons. The EU has prioritised addressing the problem by adopting the EU Action Plan against Wildlife Trafficking. As implementation of existing legislation is lacking and varying from country to country, member states have committed to improving through disrupting organized crime groups (OCGs) involved in environmental crime. Among the desired results of the Action plan is improving the rate of detection of illegal activities throughout the known trafficking routes for different animal parts and derivatives that is especially difficult in Eastern Europe. As a high value commodity, with prices reaching 6,000 euros per kilogram, trafficking of sturgeon caviar is a showcase for wildlife trafficking in the Danube region and is directly linked to EUSDR Target 4 of Priority Area 6 “...the ongoing work and efforts to securing viable populations of Danube sturgeon species and other indigenous fish species by 2020”. The SMF will provide the groundwork for a comprehensive approach through chain mapping of the illegal trade in sturgeon products, analysis of best practices for crime detection and response, accumulation of innovative test cases for successful wildlife crime prevention and response from outside of the region and their adaptation and upgrade to local conditions.