The objective of the project is the acquisition and commissioning (based on competitively awarded CSP contracts) of 37 EMU-type trains serving 13 routes in Romania, New Rolling Stock will serve the most important electrified routes (all except for a small subsection between Brasov and Ciceu on the TEN-T, and most of them - about 80% of the Central Network. The project has the following general objectives: — Supporting the socio-economic development of Romania; Improving interurban accessibility and mobility of inhabitants between the most important cities and towns; — Contribute to the reduction of pollution and congestion associated with long-distance private interurban road transport as well as air transport; — Facilitating the transition to sustainable, low-emission mobility at urban, regional and national levels; — Supporting the development of inbound tourism activity. Specific objectives include: — Reducing travel time by (a) saving travel time due to better acceleration/deceleration of EMU compared to localised trains and (b) reducing progress between services due to the higher frequency that new rolling stock makes possible, when justified by demand; Improving comfort and accessibility, in particular for persons with reduced mobility; - Reducing vehicle operating costs through increased efficiency; - Improve operational reliability; - Reducing noise, vibration and emissions (including CO2), thereby minimising environmental and climate impacts. The aim of the project is to improve the quality of zero-emission passenger rail services on the most important regional/transformational electrified interregional/long-distance rail routes in Romania, thereby increasing passenger connectivity and comfort and reducing transport emissions in line with the European Green Deal. The project contributes to achieving the result indicator related to AP 1, O.S. 1.2, respectively 2S5 purchased rolling stock and leads to time savings in covering distances on the railway infrastructure network