Joint replacement operations provide millions of people a year with a solution for dysfunctional or painful joints. However, these operations are not without risk: After completion, several complications can occur, including the potentially very harmful bacterial infections. In the vast majority of cases of these infections (32.8%), there is a Staphylococcus aureus (SA) infection, followed by a coagulase-negative SA infection (25%). Detection of such infections is difficult, the symptoms of a bacterial infection and the relatively harmless sterile inflammation are very similar (painful, warm, red, swollen wounds), so that an accurate diagnosis cannot be made with the naked eye. This leads to two negative consequences: either doctors are late in treating SA infections, with amputations or fatal consequences; or doctors prescribe antibiotics preventively to patients who may not have SA infection. This last scenario h...