The most important player in the field of microbiology in the Czech Republic, together with two domestic partners, will join forces with the world's leading research institutions in order to decipher the processes behind the establishment and development of microbiomes in different hosts (plants, fungi and animals, including humans), the mechanisms of information exchange between microbes and their hosts, and between microbes, which define their role in host health and ecosystem health. The output will be innovative applications in medicine and ecology.