Human resources are not only the most important resource element in health care, but also the slowest to provide and the most difficult to regulate and manage. Ensuring and optimal allocation of human resources in the healthcare is a slow process – it takes years, and the effect of measures taken now can be seen in 7-10 years. One of the main problems facing human resources in healthcare in Bulgaria is the unbalanced territorial distribution of doctors and the decrease in the attractiveness of certain specialties for them, because of a smaller number of doctors choose them for their professional development. Doctors are concentrated in economically more developed areas with medical universities. The remaining regions are experiencing labor shortages. A key challenge is attracting young doctors to replace an aging workforce in areas of the state where physician supply is lower. At the national level, a current or expected shortage of specialists in certain medical specialties has been identified. In recent years, young doctors have been focusing on specialization in the larger cities, mainly Sofia, Plovdiv and Varna, as well as in attractive medical specialties where is no established shortage at the national level. If targeted measures are not taken, the identified deficits will deepen in the future, which would lead to difficult access of the population to certain types of medical care. In this regard, the support under Component 2 aims providing specialists in certain areas of the country with an established shortage of specialists, by stimulating training in the country outside the capital, and to specialists in certain specialties with the greatest current or expected shortage of specialists. In this way, it will help to achieve a more balanced territorial distribution of specialists in the country and will increase the attractiveness of certain specialties with a shortage of specialists.